(1) It has been estimated that a large 150 micron wide shell of a foraminifer may take as long as 10 days to sink to the bottom of the ocean, whereas smaller ones would probably take much longer.(2) In a Swedish fjord sediment where G. pseudospinescens is the dominant foraminifer , the intracellular nitrate pool in this species accounted for 20% of the large, cell-bound, nitrate pool present in an oxygen-free zone.(3) Far from land in the deep sea, where little material comes from erosion of the land, the bottom sediment is made up mainly of shells of planktonic organisms, especially foraminifera .(4) ‘Undoubtedly,’ says our author, ‘if we could see it acting in its entirety, the ant-colony would resemble a gigantic foraminiferous Rhizopod, in which the nest would represent the shell, the queen the nucleus, the mass of ants the plasmodium and the files of workers, which are continually going in and out of the nest, the pseudopodia.’(5) Furthermore, foraminiferal growth is often strongly allometric, and in many foraminifers the shape of the chamber changes during ontogeny.(6) The basal stromatolite beds at both of the present localities contain large numbers of the foraminiferal disaster taxa Rectocornuspira kalhori and Earlandia sp. to the near exclusion of other forms.(7) While a wide variety of tactile surfaces may be used for this purpose, a preferred surface 40 is foraminiferous .(8) The marl and limestone of the Douara Basin are dense and commonly foraminiferous .(9) Sediments along the crest and the northern slope consist of foraminiferous ooze with vertical extents of up to 800m.(10) Simulated foraminiferal shells based on the moving-reference model indicate that their variety is much wider than for morphotypes developed by fixed-reference models.(11) These islands, formed of old-reef and foraminiferous limestone, have experienced considerable uplift relative to sea level.(12) These zooxanthellae may be found in many marine invertebrates, including sponges, corals, jellyfish, and flatworms, as well as within protists, such as ciliates, foraminiferans , and colonial radiolarians.(13) The Gracisce packstones contain a rich foraminiferal assemblage, composed of larger and planktonic foraminifera along with authigenic glauconite.(14) If these sediments become cemented together, they form foraminiferan limestone that is exposed in cliffs and often creates overhanging ledges that provide excellent habitat for fish.(15) Depending on the group, a foraminiferal shell may be made of organic compounds, sand grains and other particles cemented together, or secreted crystalline calcium carbonates.(16) Tube walls have simple pores and are constructed of radiolarian and foraminiferan tests, sand grains and/or fragments of sponge spicules, connected by a cement of some kind.